New models of apprenticeship and equal employment opportunity. Do training networks enhance fair hiring practices?

Hiring Practices, Employment Protection and Temporary Jobs

This paper examines the effects of a two-tier reform of the Employment Protection Legislation that increases flexibility at the margin by allowing firms to hire workers on temporary positions and investigates under which conditions temporary jobs are stepping stones to permanent employment. The analysis has far focused on the role of temporary jobs in employers adjustment to economic shocks and...

Apprenticeship Training as Preparation for Self· Employment

Many countries in sub-Saharan Africa face severe unemployment problems. These problems are due to high population growth rates and declining economic performance (Charmes, 1990). In Kenya, the population grew at an average rate of four percent annually in the 1970s and started to decline in the 1980s following concerted family planning efforts. By 1991, the annual population growth fell to 3.5%...

Dropping out from apprenticeship training as an opportunity for change

In recent years, the VET systems in Germany and Switzerland have been characterised by a shortage of training places which has created a fierce competition for those places among candidates. Nowadays, in Switzerland, almost one out of three school-leaving VET applicants has to wait at least 1 year until he or she secures a suitable place of apprenticeship. Furthermore, the dropout rate in appre...

Equal Opportunity.

Education and Marriage Decisions of Japanese Women and the Role of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act

Prompted by concordant upward trends in both the university advancement rate and the unmarried rate for Japanese women, this paper investigates whether the Equal Employment Opportunity Act (EEOA), which was passed in 1985, affected women’s marriage decisions either directly or via their decisions to pursue university education. To this end, we estimate a model that treats education and marriage...